German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier makes history on Friday. He became the first German head of state to visit Guernica since the 1937 bombing. This visit highlights reconciliation between Germany and Spain.
The Visit to Guernica
Steinmeier arrived in the Basque town with Spain’s King Felipe VI and Basque president Imanol Pradales. First they honor the victims. Steinmeier lays a wreath at a cemetery mausoleum built in 1973 for hundreds killed in the attack. Then the group reflects on the site’s importance. This event caps a three day state visit to Spain.
Historical Background
Nazi forces bombed Guernica on April 26, 1937, during Spain’s civil war. Hitler’s Condor Legion supported Francisco Franco’s troops.
They killed hundreds of civilians in one of the first modern air raids on non combatants Luftwaffe chief Hermann Goering later called it a test for his air force at the Nuremberg trials. Moreover, Pablo Picasso captured the horror in his famous painting “Guernica.”
Statements and Significance
Steinmeier speaks clearly about the past. He states that Germans carry a heavy burden of guilt. “This crime was committed by Germans,” he says at a Madrid dinner. In addition, he calls the bombing a warning for peace and human rights. King Felipe VI hosts the event, strengthening ties.
Broader Context
Germany apologized officially in 1997 through President Roman Herzog. However historians note past downplaying of the event. Now Steinmeier warns against rising right wing forces in Germany. The Alternative for Germany party gains support amid elections.
Steinmeier and Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez viewed Picasso’s painting in Madrid’s Reina Sofia museum. This visit fosters unity and remembrance. It reminds everyone to protect freedom.
