Fresh border clashes shook the Thai-Cambodian frontier on Sunday, forcing thousands of villagers to flee for the second time in five months. Moreover, artillery, rockets and air strikes thundered again across a corridor stretching hundreds of kilometres as families searched for safety.
Ceasefire Breakdown and Rising Hostility
Tension spiked after a Thai engineering team reported that Cambodian troops opened fire while they worked on an access road. The attack injured two Thai soldiers, although both survived. In earlier years, diplomats might have contained the dispute quickly. However, trust has collapsed between the two neighbours, and the ceasefire US President Donald Trump announced in July has lost its strength.
At least half a million people have now fled their homes. Furthermore, Thai officials say Cambodian troops planted new land-mines that severed the limbs of seven Thai soldiers.
Political Forces Driving the Border Clashes
Deep political rifts continue to fuel the border clashes. Thailand only accepted the July ceasefire after Trump threatened to raise tariffs on exports from both countries. Cambodia welcomed the pressure, arguing that Thailand enjoys more power in direct negotiations.
Since July, Thailand’s military has embraced a tougher strategy. Prime Minister Anutin Charvirakul, weakened by domestic challenges, granted commanders broad freedom to secure key hill-top positions and respond forcefully to Cambodian movements.
Cambodia’s Leadership Sends Mixed Signals
Cambodia’s intentions remain harder to read. Former PM Hun Sen still directs much of the country’s strategy behind the scenes, despite public calls for calm. Earlier this year, he leaked a private phone call with then-Thai PM Paetongtarn Shinawatra, a move that shocked Bangkok and intensified Thai anger. Consequently, many Thais now support a hard-line stance against Cambodia.
Can Diplomacy Return Before the Conflict Expands?
Trump may attempt another ceasefire soon. Yet Thai leaders insist they cannot reopen talks until Cambodia stops laying land-mines and proves it seeks lasting peace. Therefore, analysts warn that the fighting could continue unless both sides commit to meaningful steps.
